Vacuum casting enables us to produce plastic parts for samples of customer-specific input systems quickly and cost-effectively. The basis for the subsequent casting of a sample is the 3D design drawing created by us. This model is first produced in the 3D printer and serves as a molded part for the silicone mold, which is created in the vacuum casting process. For this process, we work together with a supplier specializing in rapid prototyping. Below we describe the basic process of vacuum casting as well as its advantages and disadvantages.
Manufacturing process of an injection molded part during vacuum casting
First, a 3D printer is used to produce a molded part from the 3D model file of the desired product. As the surface of the component from the printer has a rough surface structure, which is generally not desired, the surface of the plastic part is reworked to meet the requirements of the subsequent series product. This initial sample can now be used to produce a mold made of silicone rubber, which serves as an injection mold. This is where the actual vacuum molding process begins.
The silicone mold is poured in a vacuum casting system to avoid air pockets in the cast part. Only with this process is it possible to produce cost-effective silicone molds of sufficient quality for sample production. The molded part is encapsulated with rubber and then cures. This curing process can be accelerated by additives in the rubber or by heat. However, it should be noted that silicone shrinks to varying degrees during curing, depending on the process, which can lead to dimensional deviations in the cast part.
Once the silicone mold has hardened, the master model enclosed in it is removed with sharp cutting tools, the rubber mold is heated and closed again. The mold can now be used to cast the parts. It is filled with liquid plastic, which hardens in the mold, removed and trimmed if necessary. In this way, the silicone mold can be used up to 30 times to produce a sample part.
Advantages of vacuum casting
- Molds with smooth surfaces can be produced
- Quality of samples comparable to series-produced injection-molded parts
- Cost-effective and short-term mold production
- High reproduction accuracy
- Wide range of casting resins available that simulate series plastics
- Integration of molded and standard parts such as threaded bolts into the plastic parts possible during casting
- Rapid wear of the mold (max. 30 castings)
- Processing temperature of the casting material must be feasible with the silicone mold
Prototyping in our company
In order to make the prototyping process as efficient as possible, we use different methods for sample production depending on the requirements. 3D printing always plays a key role in the sample production of plastic parts. Based on our 3D design data, we have individual parts produced in a 3D printer by one of our selected suppliers and reworked to injection molding quality. We then assemble the initial sample in-house from these plastic parts and the other mechanical, electronic and connecting components.
In many cases, it makes sense to produce several samples before deciding on series production. For small sample series and for simpler production of particularly smooth or finely structured surfaces, the 3D printed product provides the basis for a silicone casting mold. With the vacuum casting process, several identical parts can be produced cost-effectively for sample production, eliminating the need for time-consuming post-processing of the surfaces.